Target: recycle 65% of municipal waste by 2035 (Circular Economy Package, 2020). Starting from 42.3% in 2020-21, the straight path needs 48.5% by now.

What it means: waste collected from homes by councils, including bins, recycling boxes and tips. The 65% target covers all municipal waste, which also includes similar waste from businesses, so this household figure is the closest regular measure rather than an exact match. New rules from 2026 require the same core recycling collections across England and food waste collections for every home.

Source: Defra, local authority collected waste management 2024-25, table 3a; target from the Circular Economy Package.