Target: by 2030, cut UK emissions from their 2005 level by 73% for nitrogen oxides, 16% for ammonia, 88% for sulphur dioxide, 46% for fine particles (PM2.5) and 39% for volatile organic compounds (National Emission Ceilings Regulations). The card’s status is the weakest of the five.

What it means: total emissions from all sources, rather than the concentrations people breathe, which are shown on the air pollution cards. Cleaner vehicles and the end of coal power have cut most pollutants; ammonia, which comes mainly from manure and fertiliser, has barely fallen. Each line is set to 100 in 2005.

Source: Defra, emissions of air pollutants in the UK, figure 1; targets from the Environmental Improvement Plan 2025.