What it means: homes rated A, B or C on the energy performance scale used for EPC certificates, from surveyors’ inspections of a sample of homes. Better-rated homes are cheaper to heat and produce less carbon. The aim since 2017 has been for as many homes as possible to reach band C by 2035, and for fuel-poor homes by 2030, but there is no fixed national figure to track against. A change of two points or more counts.

Source: MHCLG, English Housing Survey 2024-25, energy efficiency annex table 2.3.