What it means: the share of pupils in state-funded schools in England who achieved a strong pass (grade 5 or above) in both English and maths at the end of year 11. Exams were cancelled in 2020 and 2021 and grades were set by teachers, which is why results jumped; grading returned to normal in 2023. The latest year is provisional. A change of one point or more counts.

Source: DfE, key stage 4 performance.